Mountain orientation: essential information for all tourists

Orientation is key to enjoying the mountains safely, many problems on excursions occur because people lose their way, not because of the difficulty of the terrain.

1. Know where you are and where you are going

Before starting a route, it is important to know:

• The route
• The approximate duration
• The key points along the way
• This prevents delays and risky situations.

2. Maps are still essential

Even though we now have cell phones and GPS, maps are still a basic tool. They allow you to:

• Understand the terrain
• Identify trails, rivers, and mountains
• Make better decisions during the hike
• An informed tourist always knows how to read the basics of a map.

3. The compass as a safety backup

The compass helps you stay on course when there is fog, snow, or poor visibility. It does not depend on a signal or battery, making it a safe backup in the mountains.

4. Do not rely solely on technology

The book warns that electronic devices can fail. Therefore, traditional orientation is still necessary, even on popular routes.

5. The environment also provides guidance

Rivers, valleys, and the shape of the terrain help you find your location. Observing your surroundings allows you to confirm that you are on the right path.

6. Know when to turn back

Good orientation also means knowing when to stop or turn back if the weather changes or you are running out of time. Turning back in time is a smart decision.

Cox, J., & Fulsås, K. (2004). Montañismo: La libertad de las cimas (7.ª ed.). Desnivel.